What is the pathophysiology of stemi?

What is the pathophysiology of stemi?

The “vulnerable plaque” that formed from the atherosclerotic process (see Atherosclerosis) is responsible for acute coronary syndromes and ultimately, coronary artery thrombosis is the endpoint.

What is the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction?

Myocardial infarction usually results from sudden occlusion of the coronary artery when a ‘high-risk’, thrombosis-prone plaque becomes eroded or ruptures. In the vast majority of cases, myocardial infarction results from coronary atherosclerosis with a superimposed luminal thrombus.

What is the main pathology of myocardial infarction and what are the cause of the condition?

Myocardial infarction (MI) usually results from an imbalance in oxygen supply and demand, which is most often caused by plaque rupture with thrombus formation in an epicardial coronary artery, resulting in an acute reduction of blood supply to a portion of the myocardium. (See Etiology for details.)

What three pathophysiological ways can a myocardial infarction develop?

Type 1: Spontaneous MI caused by ischemia due to a primary coronary event (eg, plaque rupture, erosion, or fissuring; coronary dissection) Type 2: Ischemia due to increased oxygen demand (eg, hypertension), or decreased supply (eg, coronary artery spasm or embolism, arrhythmia, hypotension)

What happens in a STEMI?

STEMI will typically result in intense pain or pressure in or around the chest, often radiating to the neck, jaw, shoulder, or arm. Profuse sweating, breathlessness, and a profound sense of impending doom are also common.

What is the pathophysiology of ST elevation?

ST segment elevation occurs because when the ventricle is at rest and therefore repolarized, the depolarized ischemic region generates electrical currents that are traveling away from the recording electrode; therefore, the baseline voltage prior to the QRS complex is depressed (red line before R wave).

What are the causes of infarction?

Infarction is tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to the affected area. It may be caused by artery blockages, rupture, mechanical compression, or vasoconstriction. The resulting lesion is referred to as an infarct (from the Latin infarctus, “stuffed into”).

What is the pathophysiology of acute myocardial infarction?

Read on to know all about this pathophysiology… A myocardial infarction, more commonly known acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or heart attack is a condition where there is interruption of blood supply to a part of the heart. This eventually leads to irreversible damage and cell death in that region of the heart.

What is the pathophysiology of a heart attack?

Read on to know all about this pathophysiology… A myocardial infarction, more commonly known acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or heart attack is a condition where there is interruption of blood supply to a part of the heart. This eventually leads to irreversible damage and cell death in that region of the heart.

What are the symptoms of myocardial infarction ( MI )?

Myocardial infarction (MI), also familiar as heart attack, is the death of cardiac muscle due to prolonged severe Ischaemia. The most common clinical features of Myocardial Infraction (MI) is sudden, severe, central, compressive chest pain which is usually diffuse.

Why is myocardial infarction the leading cause of death?

Myocardial Infarction Pathophysiology. This eventually leads to irreversible damage and cell death in that region of the heart. Heart attacks are one of the leading causes of death in both men and women worldwide. Although there are many different causes, the main reason is occlusion (partial or complete) of the coronary arteries.

What is the prognosis for myocardial infarction?

Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with a 30% mortality rate; about 50% of the deaths occur prior to arrival at the hospital. An additional 5-10% of survivors die within the first year after their myocardial infarction.

What is the diagnostic test for myocardial infarction?

A diagnosis of myocardial infarction is created by integrating the history of the presenting illness and physical examination with electrocardiogram findings and cardiac markers (blood tests for heart muscle cell damage).

Who is at risk for myocardial infarction?

Risk factors that lead to myocardial infarction include diabetes, high blood pressure, age, family history of heart attacks, smoking, chronic alcoholism, obesity, stress. Generally, men are at a greater risk than women. The symptoms in men and women may differ slightly.

What exactly is myocardial infarction?

“Myocardial infarction” means “infarction (muscle death) in the heart muscle.”. A heart attack is a medical emergency. The first few minutes are very important for keeping the person alive. Some of the damage from the heart attack can be repaired if the person gets treatment during the first hour of the attack.