What is the causative agent of sandfly fever?

What is the causative agent of sandfly fever?

Sandfly (phlebotomus) fever is a common but non-lethal disease caused by a group of related phleboviruses that are transmitted to humans by peridomestic sandflies (Phlebotomus papatasii, P. perniciosus, P. perfiliewi) in countries around the Mediterranean Sea and eastwards to central Asia and India.

What is sandfly fever?

Sandfly fever: An acute mild viral disease characterized by fever, malaise, eye pain, and headache occurring mainly during the warm weather in many parts of the world. It is caused by Phleboviruses and is transmitted by sandflies. Sandfly fever is also known as pappataci fever, phlebotomus fever, and three-day fever.

What do you mean by Papatasi fever?

Pappataci fever, also called phlebotomus fever, three-day fever, or sandfly fever, acute, infectious, febrile disease caused by a phlebovirus (family Bunyaviridae) and producing temporary incapacitation. It is transmitted to humans by the bloodsucking female sand fly (notably Phlebotomus papatasii, P.

What is a phlebotomus fever?

Sandfly fever, also known as ‘three-day fever’ or ‘pappataci fever’ or ‘Phlebotomus fever’ is a viral infection that causes self-limited influenza-like symptoms and characterized by a rapid onset. The disease occurs commonly in endemic areas in summer months and especially in August during which sandflies are active.

Can sandfly bites make you sick?

The skin sores of cutaneous leishmaniasis usually develop within a few weeks or months of the sand fly bite. People with visceral leishmaniasis usually become sick within months (sometimes as long as years) of when they were bitten.

What is Q fever caused by?

Q fever is a disease caused by the bacteria Coxiella burnetii. This bacteria naturally infects some animals, such as goats, sheep, and cattle. C.

What kind of fever does a sand fly have?

Alternative Titles: phlebotomus fever, sand fly fever, sandfly fever, three-day fever. Pappataci fever, also called phlebotomus fever, three-day fever, or sandfly fever, acute, infectious, febrile disease caused by a phlebovirus (family Bunyaviridae) and producing temporary incapacitation.

What kind of virus is Phlebotomus 3 day fever?

Phlebotomus fever (i.e., sandfly fever, pappataci, and 3-day fever) is an acute, mild, self-limited febrile illness transmitted through the bite of Phlebotomus flies. Phlebotomus fever viruses are members of the genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae.

What are the symptoms of Naples sandfly fever?

Human infections with Naples and Sicilian sandfly fever viruses are incapacitating but self-limiting (so-called “3-day fever”)—patients present with influenza-like symptoms, including fever, myalgia, malaise, and retroorbital pain. Usually, these patients recover fully within seven days.

What is the incubation period for sandfly fever?

Pathogenesis: The incubation period of sandfly fever viruses is usually a few days up to 2 weeks. The duration of viremia is typically less than 1 week. The viral load in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is usually low. 32,37,38

What kind of viruses are found in sand flies?

Sand fly–borne phlebovirus infections are known to occur in the Mediterranean basin ( 7, 8 ). Some of these, such as sandfly fever Naples, Sicilian, and Toscana viruses, are of public health importance, especially Toscana virus, which causes meningitis and encephalitis in humans ( 8 – 10 ).

What are the serotypes of the phlebo virus?

Fatigue, a slow heart rate and low blood pressure may persist from few days to several weeks but complete recovery is the rule. Three serotypes of Phlebovirus are known as the causative agents: Naples virus, Sicilian virus and Toscana virus .

When does a sandfly become infected with a fever?

The sandfly becomes infected when biting an infected human in the period between 48 hours before the onset of fever and 24 hours after the end of the fever, and remains infected for its lifetime.

What kind of virus causes pappataci fever?

Pappataci fever. Pappataci fever (also known as Phlebotomus fever and, somewhat confusingly, sandfly fever and three-day fever) is a vector-borne febrile arboviral infection caused by three serotypes of Phlebovirus.